Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Children

Abstract

Bacterial epidemiology is characterized by a steady increase in antibiotic resistance. The emerging extensively drug-resistant bacteria are defined as commensal gut bacteria, which has a high potential for spreading. These bacteria possess resistance mechanisms, such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria that are yet to be established in France. Very few options like administration of combination of antibiotics are available for the treatment of these organisms, especially in children, as it is still poorly documented. In order to prevent the spread of these strains and preserve the activity of antibiotics like carbapenems, strict isolation measures should be initiated as soon as a patient at risk (previous hospitalization was abroad in the previous year or direct transfer from a foreign hospital) is hospitalized. Any delay in the implementation of these measures could increase cross-transmission.