Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury: What’s New?

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur after major surgery with incidence being especially high (up to 50%) after cardiac surgery. The goal of this manuscript was to review and discuss recent development in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of perioperative AKI. Over the last years, research has focused on the development and assessment of biomarkers of kidney injury and damage, on hemodynamic factors and management contributing to perioperative AKI but also more specific therapeutic interventions, preventive or curative. So far, pharmacological interventions have failed to prevent or cure AKI. Several experimental and recent clinical studies have brought attention to the potential protective value of ischemic preconditionning in this setting.