Muscular deficiency and acquired weakness in intensive-care unit

Abstract

Intensive-care unit acquired weakness has been widely studied and described. In this narrative review, we focus on muscular deficiency in the ICU setting that can cause weakness in critically ill patients. Multiple mechanisms can lead to muscular deficiency and often mingle: sepsis, inflammation, hypoxaemia which are the main cause of ICU admission. Bedrest and metabolic imbalance are also associated with the development of muscular deficiency. Early mobilization and rehabilitation according to graduate and progressive protocols is the key to prevent muscular deficiency and related weakness. Their efficiency to prevent long-term impairment and handicap is still to be demonstrated.