Shiga-toxin producing by Escherichia coli: pathophysiology and virulence

Abstract

Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli are emerging food-borne pathognes which cause bloody and nonbloody diarrhoeas and can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome in children mainly less than three years, or to microangiopathy thrombotic in adults. The virulence of these E. coli is associated with the presence of toxin called Shiga-toxins. Cattle are an important source for these bacteria, and most outbreaks are due to the ingestion of fecally contaminated bovine foods or dairy products. EHEC are considered as emerging pathogens in public health, causing numerous epidemics around the world. The use of antibiotics is controversial for the treatment of these infections. The best way to prevent these severe diseases is to prevent primary infections with Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli.